merge: instance locale (env) + single-language content authoring

DEFAULT_LANGUAGE/DEFAULT_TIMEZONE env config surfaced via public GET /api/config;
SPA config provider defaults the UI language from the instance (overridable per
browser). Content authoring collapsed to a single language (LabelEditor +
localized_text) at the instance default. The multilingual content SCHEMA is left
completely untouched (dormant) — re-enabling is UI-only, zero migration. Storage
stays UTC; timezone exposed for future display/PDF use.

81 web tests; full backend green; bundle 145.7 KB gz; en/sv parity 106/106.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

crates/api/src/admin_authorities.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use axum::{
     http::StatusCode,
     routing::get,
 };
-use domain::{AuthorityKind, LocalizedLabel, NewAuthority};
+use domain::{AuditActor, AuthorityKind, LocalizedLabel, NewAuthority};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use utoipa::ToSchema;
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn list_authorities(
     )
 )]
 pub(crate) async fn create_authority(
-    _auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>,
+    auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>,
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     Json(req): Json<NewAuthorityRequest>,
 ) -> Result<(StatusCode, Json<CreatedId>), StatusCode> {
@@ -117,7 +117,8 @@ pub(crate) async fn create_authority(
         .await
         .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
 
-    let id = db::authority::create_authority(&mut tx, &new)
+    let id =
+        db::authority::create_authority(&mut tx, AuditActor::User(auth.user.id.to_uuid()), &new)
             .await
             .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
 

crates/api/src/admin_vocab.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use axum::{
     http::StatusCode,
     routing::get,
 };
-use domain::{LocalizedLabel, NewTerm, VocabularyId};
+use domain::{AuditActor, LocalizedLabel, NewTerm, VocabularyId};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use utoipa::ToSchema;
 
@@ -85,11 +85,23 @@ pub(crate) async fn list_vocabularies(
     )
 )]
 pub(crate) async fn create_vocabulary(
-    _auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>,
+    auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>,
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     Json(req): Json<NewVocabularyRequest>,
 ) -> Result<(StatusCode, Json<VocabularyView>), StatusCode> {
-    let vocab = db::vocab::create_vocabulary(state.db.pool(), &req.key)
+    let mut tx = state
+        .db
+        .pool()
+        .begin()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+
+    let vocab =
+        db::vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::User(auth.user.id.to_uuid()), &req.key)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
+
+    tx.commit()
         .await
         .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
 
@@ -156,7 +168,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn list_terms(
     )
 )]
 pub(crate) async fn add_term(
-    _auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>,
+    auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>,
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     Path(id): Path<String>,
     Json(req): Json<NewTermRequest>,
@@ -185,7 +197,9 @@ pub(crate) async fn add_term(
         .await
         .map_err(|_| StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)?;
 
-    let term_id = db::vocab::add_term(&mut tx, &new).await.map_err(|err| {
+    let term_id = db::vocab::add_term(&mut tx, AuditActor::User(auth.user.id.to_uuid()), &new)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| {
             // A well-formed id for a missing vocabulary hits the FK constraint (23503).
             if err.as_database_error().and_then(|e| e.code()).as_deref() == Some("23503") {
                 StatusCode::NOT_FOUND

crates/api/src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+use axum::{Json, Router, extract::State, routing::get};
+use serde::Serialize;
+use utoipa::ToSchema;
+
+use crate::AppState;
+
+/// Public, non-sensitive instance configuration the SPA needs before login.
+#[derive(Serialize, ToSchema)]
+pub(crate) struct ConfigView {
+    /// User-facing product name.
+    pub app_name: String,
+    /// Default UI/content language (i18n key, e.g. "sv").
+    pub default_language: String,
+    /// Default display timezone (IANA name). Storage is UTC; this is a display hint.
+    pub default_timezone: String,
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(get, path = "/api/config", responses((status = 200, body = ConfigView)))]
+pub(crate) async fn get_config(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Json<ConfigView> {
+    Json(ConfigView {
+        app_name: state.app_name.clone(),
+        default_language: state.default_language.clone(),
+        default_timezone: state.default_timezone.clone(),
+    })
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn routes() -> Router<AppState> {
+    Router::new().route("/api/config", get(get_config))
+}

crates/api/src/lib.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ mod admin_authorities;
 mod admin_objects;
 mod admin_search;
 mod admin_vocab;
+mod config;
 mod health;
 mod openapi;
 mod pagination;
@@ -30,6 +31,10 @@ pub struct AppState {
     /// Search client for on-write index sync. `None` disables indexing (search is a
     /// best-effort feature; absent when Meilisearch is not configured).
     pub search: Option<search::SearchClient>,
+    /// Instance default UI/content language (from config).
+    pub default_language: String,
+    /// Instance default display timezone, IANA name (from config). Storage stays UTC.
+    pub default_timezone: String,
 }
 
 /// Best-effort: keep the search index in step with a catalogue write that has already
@@ -58,6 +63,7 @@ pub fn build_app(state: AppState) -> Router {
         .with_expiry(Expiry::OnInactivity(Duration::hours(8)));
 
     Router::new()
+        .merge(config::routes())
         .merge(health::routes())
         .merge(openapi::routes())
         .merge(public::routes())

crates/api/src/openapi.rs

@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ use axum::{Json, Router, extract::State, routing::get};
 use utoipa::OpenApi;
 
 use crate::{
-    AppState, admin, admin_authorities, admin_objects, admin_search, admin_vocab, health, public,
+    AppState, admin, admin_authorities, admin_objects, admin_search, admin_vocab, config, health,
+    public,
 };
 
 #[derive(OpenApi)]
 #[openapi(
     paths(
+        config::get_config,
         health::live,
         health::ready,
         public::list_objects,
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ use crate::{
         admin_authorities::create_authority
     ),
     components(schemas(
+        config::ConfigView,
         health::Live,
         health::Ready,
         public::PublicView,

crates/api/tests/admin.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool) -> AppState {
         app_name: "Test".into(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 

crates/api/tests/admin_catalog.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use api::{AppState, build_app, migrate_sessions};
 use axum::body::Body;
 use axum::http::{Request, StatusCode, header};
-use db::users;
+use db::{audit, users};
-use domain::{AuditActor, Email, NewUser, Role};
+use domain::{AuditAction, AuditActor, Email, NewUser, Role};
 use http_body_util::BodyExt;
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 use tower::ServiceExt;
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool) -> AppState {
         app_name: "Test".into(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -290,3 +292,44 @@ async fn add_term_to_missing_vocabulary_is_404(pool: PgPool) {
 
     assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::NOT_FOUND);
 }
+
+#[sqlx::test(migrations = "../db/migrations")]
+async fn creating_a_vocabulary_writes_an_audit_entry(pool: PgPool) {
+    migrate_sessions(&db::Db::from_pool(pool.clone()))
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    seed_user(&pool, "ed@example.com", "pw-editor-123", Role::Editor).await;
+
+    let app = build_app(state(pool.clone()));
+    let cookie = login(&app, "ed@example.com", "pw-editor-123").await;
+
+    let resp = app
+        .oneshot(
+            Request::builder()
+                .method("POST")
+                .uri("/api/admin/vocabularies")
+                .header(header::COOKIE, &cookie)
+                .header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json")
+                .body(Body::from(r#"{"key":"audit-test"}"#))
+                .unwrap(),
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::CREATED);
+
+    let body: serde_json::Value =
+        serde_json::from_slice(&resp.into_body().collect().await.unwrap().to_bytes()).unwrap();
+    let vocab_id: uuid::Uuid = body["id"].as_str().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
+
+    let history = audit::history_for(&pool, "vocabulary", vocab_id)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(history.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(history[0].action, AuditAction::Created);
+    assert!(
+        matches!(history[0].actor, AuditActor::User(_)),
+        "expected actor to be a user"
+    );
+}

crates/api/tests/admin_fields.rs

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool) -> AppState {
         app_name: "Test".into(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 

crates/api/tests/admin_objects.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool) -> AppState {
         app_name: "Test".into(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 

crates/api/tests/admin_search.rs

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool, search: Option<SearchClient>) -> AppState {
         app_name: "Test".into(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 

crates/api/tests/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+use api::{AppState, build_app};
+use axum::body::Body;
+use axum::http::{Request, StatusCode};
+use http_body_util::BodyExt;
+use sqlx::PgPool;
+use tower::ServiceExt;
+
+fn state(pool: PgPool) -> AppState {
+    AppState {
+        db: db::Db::from_pool(pool),
+        app_name: "Test Museum".into(),
+        cookie_secure: false,
+        search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
+    }
+}
+
+#[sqlx::test(migrations = "../db/migrations")]
+async fn config_is_public_and_reflects_state(pool: PgPool) {
+    let app = build_app(state(pool));
+
+    let resp = app
+        .oneshot(
+            Request::builder()
+                .uri("/api/config")
+                .body(Body::empty())
+                .unwrap(),
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);
+
+    let body: serde_json::Value =
+        serde_json::from_slice(&resp.into_body().collect().await.unwrap().to_bytes()).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(body["app_name"], "Test Museum");
+    assert_eq!(body["default_language"], "sv");
+    assert_eq!(body["default_timezone"], "Europe/Stockholm");
+}

crates/api/tests/health.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool, app_name: &str) -> AppState {
         app_name: app_name.to_string(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 

crates/api/tests/public.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool) -> AppState {
         app_name: "Test".to_string(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 

crates/api/tests/reindex.rs

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ fn state(pool: PgPool, search: SearchClient) -> AppState {
         app_name: "Test".into(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: Some(search),
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     }
 }
 

crates/db/src/authority.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,25 @@
 //! Authority records (person / organisation / place).
 
-use domain::{Authority, AuthorityId, AuthorityKind, AuthorityRef, LocalizedLabel, NewAuthority};
+use domain::{
+    AuditAction, AuditActor, Authority, AuthorityId, AuthorityKind, AuthorityRef, LocalizedLabel,
+    NewAuditEvent, NewAuthority,
+};
 use sqlx::Row;
 
+use crate::audit;
+
+const AUTHORITY_ENTITY_TYPE: &str = "authority";
+
 /// Labels aggregated per row as JSON, to read an authority and its labels in one query.
 const LABELS_JSON: &str = "COALESCE(json_agg(json_build_object('lang', al.lang, 'label', al.label) \
      ORDER BY al.lang) FILTER (WHERE al.authority_id IS NOT NULL), '[]'::json)";
 
-/// Insert an authority and its labels. Multiple statements — pass a transaction
+/// Insert an authority and its labels, then record a `created` audit entry. Multiple
-/// connection (`&mut *tx`) for atomicity.
+/// statements — pass a transaction connection (`&mut *tx`) so everything commits
+/// atomically.
 pub async fn create_authority(
     conn: &mut sqlx::PgConnection,
+    actor: AuditActor,
     new: &NewAuthority,
 ) -> Result<AuthorityId, sqlx::Error> {
     let id = AuthorityId::new();
@@ -31,6 +40,18 @@ pub async fn create_authority(
             .await?;
     }
 
+    audit::record(
+        &mut *conn,
+        &NewAuditEvent {
+            actor,
+            action: AuditAction::Created,
+            entity_type: AUTHORITY_ENTITY_TYPE.to_owned(),
+            entity_id: id.to_uuid(),
+            changes: Vec::new(),
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+
     Ok(id)
 }
 

crates/db/src/lib.rs

@@ -17,10 +17,11 @@ pub struct Db {
 }
 
 impl Db {
-    /// Connect to the database at `database_url`, opening a connection pool.
+    /// Connect to the database at `database_url`, opening a connection pool with at most
-    pub async fn connect(database_url: &str) -> Result<Self, sqlx::Error> {
+    /// `max_connections` connections.
+    pub async fn connect(database_url: &str, max_connections: u32) -> Result<Self, sqlx::Error> {
         let pool = PgPoolOptions::new()
-            .max_connections(5)
+            .max_connections(max_connections)
             .connect(database_url)
             .await?;
 

crates/db/src/seed.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@
 //! populated by the organization or a later import. The inventory-minimum fields
 //! (object number, name, location, …) live in the typed object core, not here.
 
-use domain::{AuthorityKind, FieldType, LocalizedLabel, NewFieldDefinition, VocabularyId};
+use domain::{
+    AuditActor, AuthorityKind, FieldType, LocalizedLabel, NewFieldDefinition, VocabularyId,
+};
 
 use crate::{fields, vocab};
 
@@ -119,7 +121,11 @@ async fn ensure_vocabulary(
     if let Some(existing) = vocab::vocabulary_by_key(&mut *conn, key).await? {
         Ok(existing.id)
     } else {
-        Ok(vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut *conn, key).await?.id)
+        Ok(
+            vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut *conn, AuditActor::System, key)
+                .await?
+                .id,
+        )
     }
 }
 

crates/db/src/vocab.rs

@@ -1,23 +1,45 @@
 //! Controlled vocabularies and terms.
 
-use domain::{LocalizedLabel, NewTerm, Term, TermId, TermRef, Vocabulary, VocabularyId};
+use domain::{
+    AuditAction, AuditActor, LocalizedLabel, NewAuditEvent, NewTerm, Term, TermId, TermRef,
+    Vocabulary, VocabularyId,
+};
 use sqlx::Row;
 
+use crate::audit;
+
+const VOCABULARY_ENTITY_TYPE: &str = "vocabulary";
+const TERM_ENTITY_TYPE: &str = "term";
+
 /// Labels aggregated per row as JSON, to read a term and its labels in one query.
 const LABELS_JSON: &str = "COALESCE(json_agg(json_build_object('lang', tl.lang, 'label', tl.label) \
      ORDER BY tl.lang) FILTER (WHERE tl.term_id IS NOT NULL), '[]'::json)";
 
-/// Create a vocabulary with the given key.
+/// Create a vocabulary with the given key and record a `created` audit entry, both on
-pub async fn create_vocabulary<'e, E>(executor: E, key: &str) -> Result<Vocabulary, sqlx::Error>
+/// `conn` (pass a transaction connection `&mut *tx` so they commit atomically).
-where
+pub async fn create_vocabulary(
-    E: sqlx::PgExecutor<'e>,
+    conn: &mut sqlx::PgConnection,
-{
+    actor: AuditActor,
+    key: &str,
+) -> Result<Vocabulary, sqlx::Error> {
     let id = VocabularyId::new();
 
     sqlx::query("INSERT INTO vocabulary (id, key) VALUES ($1, $2)")
         .bind(id.to_uuid())
         .bind(key)
-        .execute(executor)
+        .execute(&mut *conn)
+        .await?;
+
+    audit::record(
+        &mut *conn,
+        &NewAuditEvent {
+            actor,
+            action: AuditAction::Created,
+            entity_type: VOCABULARY_ENTITY_TYPE.to_owned(),
+            entity_id: id.to_uuid(),
+            changes: Vec::new(),
+        },
+    )
     .await?;
 
     Ok(Vocabulary {
@@ -54,9 +76,14 @@ where
     row.map(map_vocabulary).transpose()
 }
 
-/// Insert a term and its labels. Multiple statements — pass a transaction
+/// Insert a term and its labels, then record a `created` audit entry. Multiple
-/// connection (`&mut *tx`) so the term and its labels commit atomically.
+/// statements — pass a transaction connection (`&mut *tx`) so everything commits
-pub async fn add_term(conn: &mut sqlx::PgConnection, new: &NewTerm) -> Result<TermId, sqlx::Error> {
+/// atomically.
+pub async fn add_term(
+    conn: &mut sqlx::PgConnection,
+    actor: AuditActor,
+    new: &NewTerm,
+) -> Result<TermId, sqlx::Error> {
     let id = TermId::new();
 
     sqlx::query("INSERT INTO term (id, vocabulary_id, external_uri) VALUES ($1, $2, $3)")
@@ -75,6 +102,18 @@ pub async fn add_term(conn: &mut sqlx::PgConnection, new: &NewTerm) -> Result<Te
             .await?;
     }
 
+    audit::record(
+        &mut *conn,
+        &NewAuditEvent {
+            actor,
+            action: AuditAction::Created,
+            entity_type: TERM_ENTITY_TYPE.to_owned(),
+            entity_id: id.to_uuid(),
+            changes: Vec::new(),
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+
     Ok(id)
 }
 

crates/db/tests/authority.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use db::{Db, authority};
-use domain::{AuthorityKind, LocalizedLabel, NewAuthority};
+use domain::{AuditActor, AuthorityKind, LocalizedLabel, NewAuthority};
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 
 fn new_person(name_sv: &str, name_en: &str) -> NewAuthority {
@@ -24,7 +24,11 @@ async fn authority_round_trips_with_labels(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
 
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
-    let id = authority::create_authority(&mut tx, &new_person("Carl Larsson", "Carl Larsson"))
+    let id = authority::create_authority(
+        &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
+        &new_person("Carl Larsson", "Carl Larsson"),
+    )
     .await
     .unwrap();
     tx.commit().await.unwrap();
@@ -47,11 +51,12 @@ async fn list_by_kind_filters(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
 
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
-    authority::create_authority(&mut tx, &new_person("A", "A"))
+    authority::create_authority(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, &new_person("A", "A"))
         .await
         .unwrap();
     authority::create_authority(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &NewAuthority {
             kind: AuthorityKind::Place,
             external_uri: None,
@@ -83,7 +88,7 @@ async fn resolve_authority_returns_kind(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
 
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
-    let id = authority::create_authority(&mut tx, &new_person("X", "X"))
+    let id = authority::create_authority(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, &new_person("X", "X"))
         .await
         .unwrap();
     tx.commit().await.unwrap();
@@ -108,6 +113,7 @@ async fn authority_with_no_labels_round_trips_empty(pool: PgPool) {
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     let id = authority::create_authority(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &NewAuthority {
             kind: AuthorityKind::Organisation,
             external_uri: None,

crates/db/tests/fields.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use db::{Db, fields, vocab};
-use domain::{AuthorityKind, FieldType, LocalizedLabel, NewFieldDefinition};
+use domain::{AuditActor, AuthorityKind, FieldType, LocalizedLabel, NewFieldDefinition};
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 
 fn labels() -> Vec<LocalizedLabel> {
@@ -52,9 +52,11 @@ async fn text_field_round_trips(pool: PgPool) {
 #[sqlx::test]
 async fn term_and_authority_fields_round_trip_their_binding(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
-    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     fields::create_field_definition(

crates/db/tests/object_fields.rs

@@ -95,9 +95,12 @@ async fn sets_scalar_fields_and_audits(pool: PgPool) {
 async fn term_field_must_resolve_in_its_vocabulary(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
     let id = setup_object(&db).await;
-    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
+
     define(
         &db,
         "material",
@@ -110,6 +113,7 @@ async fn term_field_must_resolve_in_its_vocabulary(pool: PgPool) {
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     let wood = vocab::add_term(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &domain::NewTerm {
             vocabulary_id: material.id,
             external_uri: None,
@@ -180,6 +184,7 @@ async fn authority_field_enforces_kind(pool: PgPool) {
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     let person = db::authority::create_authority(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &domain::NewAuthority {
             kind: domain::AuthorityKind::Person,
             external_uri: None,
@@ -190,6 +195,7 @@ async fn authority_field_enforces_kind(pool: PgPool) {
     .unwrap();
     let place = db::authority::create_authority(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &domain::NewAuthority {
             kind: domain::AuthorityKind::Place,
             external_uri: None,
@@ -219,12 +225,14 @@ async fn authority_field_enforces_kind(pool: PgPool) {
 async fn term_from_wrong_vocabulary_is_rejected(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
     let id = setup_object(&db).await;
-    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
-    let technique = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "technique")
+    let technique = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "technique")
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
     define(
         &db,
         "material",
@@ -238,6 +246,7 @@ async fn term_from_wrong_vocabulary_is_rejected(pool: PgPool) {
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     let other = vocab::add_term(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &domain::NewTerm {
             vocabulary_id: technique.id,
             external_uri: None,

crates/db/tests/vocab.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 use db::{Db, vocab};
-use domain::{LocalizedLabel, NewTerm};
+use domain::{AuditActor, LocalizedLabel, NewTerm};
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 
 #[sqlx::test]
 async fn vocabulary_create_and_lookup(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
-    let v = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let v = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
 
     let found = vocab::vocabulary_by_key(db.pool(), "material")
         .await
@@ -27,13 +29,16 @@ async fn vocabulary_create_and_lookup(pool: PgPool) {
 #[sqlx::test]
 async fn term_with_multilingual_labels_round_trips(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
-    let v = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let v = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     let term_id = vocab::add_term(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &NewTerm {
             vocabulary_id: v.id,
             external_uri: Some("http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300011914".into()),
@@ -76,13 +81,16 @@ async fn term_with_multilingual_labels_round_trips(pool: PgPool) {
 #[sqlx::test]
 async fn term_with_no_labels_round_trips_empty(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
-    let v = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let v = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     let term_id = vocab::add_term(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &NewTerm {
             vocabulary_id: v.id,
             external_uri: None,
@@ -103,10 +111,14 @@ async fn term_with_no_labels_round_trips_empty(pool: PgPool) {
 #[sqlx::test]
 async fn duplicate_vocabulary_key_is_rejected(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
-    vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
-    let err = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
+
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let err = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap_err();
     assert!(
@@ -118,16 +130,19 @@ async fn duplicate_vocabulary_key_is_rejected(pool: PgPool) {
 #[sqlx::test]
 async fn resolve_term_checks_vocabulary_membership(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
-    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
-    let technique = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "technique")
+    let technique = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "technique")
         .await
         .unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
     let term_id = vocab::add_term(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &NewTerm {
             vocabulary_id: material.id,
             external_uri: None,

crates/search/tests/reindex.rs

@@ -23,14 +23,15 @@ async fn reindex_resolves_term_labels_and_finds_by_label(pool: PgPool) {
     let db = Db::from_pool(pool);
 
     // a material vocabulary with a "wood" term
-    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(db.pool(), "material")
+    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
+
+    let material = vocab::create_vocabulary(&mut tx, AuditActor::System, "material")
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
-    let mut tx = db.pool().begin().await.unwrap();
-
     let wood = vocab::add_term(
         &mut tx,
+        AuditActor::System,
         &NewTerm {
             vocabulary_id: material.id,
             external_uri: None,

crates/server/src/config.rs

@@ -42,4 +42,29 @@ pub struct Config {
     /// Meilisearch index name for catalogue objects.
     #[arg(long = "meili-index", env = "MEILI_INDEX", default_value = "objects")]
     pub meili_index: String,
+
+    /// Maximum size of the PostgreSQL connection pool.
+    #[arg(
+        long = "db-max-connections",
+        env = "DB_MAX_CONNECTIONS",
+        default_value_t = 5
+    )]
+    pub db_max_connections: u32,
+
+    /// Default UI + content-authoring language for this instance (i18n key, e.g. "sv").
+    #[arg(
+        long = "default-language",
+        env = "DEFAULT_LANGUAGE",
+        default_value = "sv"
+    )]
+    pub default_language: String,
+
+    /// Default display timezone (IANA name, e.g. "Europe/Stockholm"). Storage stays UTC;
+    /// this is a display hint surfaced to clients (and, later, server-side renderers).
+    #[arg(
+        long = "default-timezone",
+        env = "DEFAULT_TIMEZONE",
+        default_value = "Europe/Stockholm"
+    )]
+    pub default_timezone: String,
 }

crates/server/src/lib.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use tokio::net::TcpListener;
 
 /// Connect dependencies from `config` and serve until shutdown.
 pub async fn run(config: Config) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    let db = Db::connect(&config.database_url)
+    let db = Db::connect(&config.database_url, config.db_max_connections)
         .await
         .context("connecting to the database")?;
 
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ pub async fn run(config: Config) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         app_name: config.app_name,
         cookie_secure: config.cookie_secure,
         search,
+        default_language: config.default_language,
+        default_timezone: config.default_timezone,
     };
 
     let listener = TcpListener::bind(&config.bind_addr)
@@ -64,6 +66,34 @@ pub async fn run(config: Config) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     serve(listener, state).await
 }
 
+/// Resolves when the process receives SIGINT (Ctrl-C) or SIGTERM, so the server can
+/// drain in-flight requests before exiting.
+async fn shutdown_signal() {
+    let ctrl_c = async {
+        tokio::signal::ctrl_c()
+            .await
+            .expect("install Ctrl-C handler");
+    };
+
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    let terminate = async {
+        tokio::signal::unix::signal(tokio::signal::unix::SignalKind::terminate())
+            .expect("install SIGTERM handler")
+            .recv()
+            .await;
+    };
+
+    #[cfg(not(unix))]
+    let terminate = std::future::pending::<()>();
+
+    tokio::select! {
+        _ = ctrl_c => {},
+        _ = terminate => {},
+    }
+
+    tracing::info!("shutdown signal received; draining");
+}
+
 /// Serve the API on an already-bound listener (used by `run` and tests).
 pub async fn serve(listener: TcpListener, state: AppState) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let app = build_app(state);
@@ -72,6 +102,7 @@ pub async fn serve(listener: TcpListener, state: AppState) -> anyhow::Result<()>
     let app = app.merge(web_assets::routes());
 
     axum::serve(listener, app)
+        .with_graceful_shutdown(shutdown_signal())
         .await
         .context("running the HTTP server")?;
 
@@ -107,7 +138,8 @@ pub async fn create_user(database_url: &str, email: &str, role: Role) -> anyhow:
         auth::hash_password(&password).map_err(|err| anyhow::anyhow!("hashing password: {err}"))?
     };
 
-    let db = Db::connect(database_url)
+    // CLI one-shot: a tiny pool is plenty.
+    let db = Db::connect(database_url, 2)
         .await
         .context("connecting to the database")?;
 

crates/server/tests/config.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 use clap::Parser;
 use server::Config;
 
-const CLEARED: [(&str, Option<&str>); 4] = [
+const CLEARED: [(&str, Option<&str>); 6] = [
     ("DATABASE_URL", None),
     ("BIND_ADDR", None),
     ("APP_NAME", None),
     ("SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE", None),
+    ("DEFAULT_LANGUAGE", None),
+    ("DEFAULT_TIMEZONE", None),
 ];
 
 #[test]
@@ -17,6 +19,8 @@ fn parses_from_args_with_defaults() {
         assert_eq!(cfg.database_url, "postgres://localhost/test");
         assert_eq!(cfg.bind_addr, "0.0.0.0:8080");
         assert_eq!(cfg.app_name, "Collection Management System");
+        assert_eq!(cfg.default_language, "sv");
+        assert_eq!(cfg.default_timezone, "Europe/Stockholm");
     });
 }
 

crates/server/tests/serve.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use tokio::net::TcpListener;
 async fn serves_health_live_over_tcp() {
     let database_url =
         std::env::var("DATABASE_URL").expect("DATABASE_URL must be set for this test");
-    let db = Db::connect(&database_url)
+    let db = Db::connect(&database_url, 2)
         .await
         .expect("connect to database");
     let state = AppState {
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ async fn serves_health_live_over_tcp() {
         app_name: "Test".to_string(),
         cookie_secure: false,
         search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
     };
 
     let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await.unwrap();

docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-04-tier4-hardening-batch1.md

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+# Tier 4 Hardening — Batch 1 (#1, #2, #21) Implementation Plan
+
+> **For agentic workers:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: superpowers:subagent-driven-development. Steps use `- [ ]`.
+
+**Goal:** The mechanical, well-specified hardening items — graceful HTTP shutdown (#1), configurable DB pool size (#2), and audit logging for vocabulary/term/authority creation (#21). (The design-heavy Tier 4 items #20/#5/#7 are handled separately.)
+
+**Tech Stack:** Rust (axum 0.8, sqlx, tokio, anyhow). Backend-only.
+
+**Conventions:** nightly fmt; clippy `-D warnings`; no codename. Test infra: `DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev`, `MEILI_URL=http://localhost:7700`, `MEILI_MASTER_KEY=masterKey` (`#[sqlx::test]` provisions its own DB).
+
+---
+
+## Task 1: #1 — graceful shutdown
+
+**Files:** `crates/server/src/lib.rs`, `crates/server/Cargo.toml` (tokio `signal` feature if missing).
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Ensure tokio `signal` feature.** Check `crates/server/Cargo.toml`'s `tokio` dependency features include `"signal"`. If the workspace `tokio` is `features = ["full"]` it's already included; otherwise add `"signal"` (and `"macros"`/`"rt-multi-thread"` if not already). Verify with `cargo build -p server`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Add a shutdown-signal future** in `crates/server/src/lib.rs` (above `serve`):
+```rust
+/// Resolves when the process receives SIGINT (Ctrl-C) or SIGTERM, so the server can
+/// drain in-flight requests before exiting.
+async fn shutdown_signal() {
+    let ctrl_c = async {
+        tokio::signal::ctrl_c()
+            .await
+            .expect("install Ctrl-C handler");
+    };
+
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    let terminate = async {
+        tokio::signal::unix::signal(tokio::signal::unix::SignalKind::terminate())
+            .expect("install SIGTERM handler")
+            .recv()
+            .await;
+    };
+
+    #[cfg(not(unix))]
+    let terminate = std::future::pending::<()>();
+
+    tokio::select! {
+        _ = ctrl_c => {},
+        _ = terminate => {},
+    }
+
+    tracing::info!("shutdown signal received; draining");
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Wire it into `serve`.** Change the `axum::serve(...)` call:
+```rust
+    axum::serve(listener, app)
+        .with_graceful_shutdown(shutdown_signal())
+        .await
+        .context("running the HTTP server")?;
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify.** `cargo +nightly fmt`; `cargo clippy -p server --all-targets`; `DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev cargo test -p server` (the existing `serve.rs` smoke test still passes — it aborts the handle, which is unaffected). Commit:
+```bash
+git add crates/server
+git commit -m "feat(server): graceful shutdown on SIGINT/SIGTERM (#1)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 2: #2 — configurable DB pool size
+
+**Files:** `crates/db/src/lib.rs`, `crates/server/src/config.rs`, `crates/server/src/lib.rs`.
+
+`Db::connect` currently hardcodes `.max_connections(5)`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Parameterize `Db::connect`.** In `crates/db/src/lib.rs`:
+```rust
+    /// Connect to the database at `database_url`, opening a connection pool with at most
+    /// `max_connections` connections.
+    pub async fn connect(database_url: &str, max_connections: u32) -> Result<Self, sqlx::Error> {
+        let pool = PgPoolOptions::new()
+            .max_connections(max_connections)
+            .connect(database_url)
+            .await?;
+
+        Ok(Self { pool })
+    }
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Add the config knob.** In `crates/server/src/config.rs`, add a field to `Config`:
+```rust
+    /// Maximum size of the PostgreSQL connection pool.
+    #[arg(long = "db-max-connections", env = "DB_MAX_CONNECTIONS", default_value_t = 5)]
+    pub db_max_connections: u32,
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Thread it through the two `Db::connect` call sites** in `crates/server/src/lib.rs`:
+  - In `run`: `Db::connect(&config.database_url, config.db_max_connections)`.
+  - In `create_user` (the CLI one-shot — it has only `database_url: &str`, no `Config`): pass a small fixed default, `Db::connect(database_url, 2)` (a one-shot CLI needs minimal connections), and add a brief comment.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify.** `cargo +nightly fmt`; `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets`; `DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev cargo test -p server`. Confirm `cargo run -p server -- --help` shows the new `--db-max-connections` flag (optional). Commit:
+```bash
+git add crates/db crates/server
+git commit -m "feat(server): configurable DB pool size via --db-max-connections/DB_MAX_CONNECTIONS (#2)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 3: #21 — audit vocabulary/term/authority creation
+
+**Files:** `crates/db/src/vocab.rs`, `crates/db/src/authority.rs`, `crates/api/src/admin_vocab.rs`, `crates/api/src/admin_authorities.rs`; Test in `crates/api/tests/admin_catalog.rs`.
+
+The three admin create paths (`create_vocabulary`, `add_term`, `create_authority`) take no `AuditActor` and write no audit entry. The catalogue object writes do — **`db::catalog::create_object` is the template**: it takes `actor: AuditActor` and calls `audit::record(&mut *conn, &NewAuditEvent { actor, action: AuditAction::Created, entity_type, entity_id, ... })` inside the same transaction. READ `create_object` (`crates/db/src/catalog.rs`) and `audit::record` / `NewAuditEvent` (`crates/db/src/audit.rs`, `domain::NewAuditEvent`) first to copy the exact shape.
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Add `actor` + audit to the db functions.** Each must run the insert **and** the audit record in one transaction (so they're atomic), mirroring `create_object`:
+  - `db::vocab::create_vocabulary` — currently `(executor: E, key: &str)`. Change to `(conn: &mut sqlx::PgConnection, actor: AuditActor, key: &str)` (tx-connection like `add_term`), insert the vocabulary, then `audit::record(&mut *conn, &NewAuditEvent { actor, action: Created, entity_type: "vocabulary", entity_id: <new vocab id>, ... })`. Return the `Vocabulary` as before.
+  - `db::vocab::add_term` — currently `(conn: &mut PgConnection, new: &NewTerm)`. Add `actor: AuditActor`; after inserting the term, record an audit entry (`entity_type: "term"`, `entity_id: <term id>`).
+  - `db::authority::create_authority` — add `actor: AuditActor`; record (`entity_type: "authority"`, `entity_id: <authority id>`).
+  Match `create_object`'s `NewAuditEvent` field names exactly (e.g. `changes`/`metadata` may be empty/None — copy whatever `create_object` passes for a creation with no field diff).
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Thread the actor through the handlers.** In `crates/api/src/admin_vocab.rs` (`create_vocabulary`, `add_term`) and `crates/api/src/admin_authorities.rs` (`create_authority`):
+  - Change `_auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>` → `auth: Authorized<EditCatalogue>`.
+  - Build the actor as the object handlers do: `AuditActor::User(auth.user.id.to_uuid())`. To avoid duplicating the helper, either make `admin_objects::actor` `pub(crate)` and import it, or inline `AuditActor::User(auth.user.id.to_uuid())` at each site (it's a one-liner — pick the cleaner option; if you make the helper shared, take `&AuthUser`).
+  - `create_vocabulary` handler currently calls `db::vocab::create_vocabulary(state.db.pool(), &req.key)` on the **pool** — change it to open a transaction (`let mut tx = state.db.pool().begin().await...`), call the new `create_vocabulary(&mut tx, actor, &req.key)`, then `tx.commit()` (like `add_term`'s handler already does). `add_term`/`create_authority` handlers already use a tx — just pass the actor.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Test** — add to `crates/api/tests/admin_catalog.rs` (it already seeds an editor + logs in). After creating a vocabulary (or term/authority) via the API, assert an audit row exists attributing the user. Use `db::audit::history_for` (or a direct `SELECT` on `audit_log`) to find the entry — read the file for how existing tests inspect audit rows (the object tests likely already do this; mirror them). Minimal: create a vocabulary, then query `audit_log` for `entity_type='vocabulary'` with the created id and assert `actor_kind='user'` + the right `actor_id`. Name it e.g. `creating_a_vocabulary_writes_an_audit_entry`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify.** `cargo +nightly fmt`; `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets`; `DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev MEILI_URL=http://localhost:7700 MEILI_MASTER_KEY=masterKey cargo test -p api -p db`. All green. Commit:
+```bash
+git add crates/db crates/api
+git commit -m "feat: audit vocabulary/term/authority creation, attributing the acting user (#21)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 4: Verification
+
+- [ ] **Step 1:** `DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev MEILI_URL=http://localhost:7700 MEILI_MASTER_KEY=masterKey cargo test --workspace` — all green.
+- [ ] **Step 2:** `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets` and `cargo +nightly fmt --check` — clean.
+- [ ] **Step 3:** `git grep -in 'biggus\|dickus' -- crates` → none.
+- [ ] **Step 4:** Confirm `Cargo.lock` is committed if any dependency/feature changed (e.g. tokio `signal` feature does not add a new lockfile entry, but verify `git status` is clean after the commits — no dangling `M Cargo.lock`).
+
+---
+
+## Self-Review (completed)
+- **Spec coverage:** #1 (graceful shutdown) → T1; #2 (configurable pool) → T2; #21 (audit 3 admin creates) → T3. ✓
+- **Placeholder scan:** none — concrete code for #1/#2; #21 points at `create_object`/`audit::record` as the exact template to mirror (the audit-event field names live there and must match, so copying beats guessing).
+- **Type consistency:** `Db::connect(url, max: u32)` updated at both call sites (run + create_user); `db_max_connections: u32` matches `max_connections(u32)`; the three db create fns gain `actor: AuditActor` and the handlers pass `AuditActor::User(auth.user.id.to_uuid())` consistently with `admin_objects::actor`.
+
+## Notes
+- #21 keeps within the current audit model (`AuditAction::Created` + non-null `entity_type`/`entity_id`) — no schema change needed (the auth-event model extension is the separate #7).
+- Watch the `Cargo.lock`: if the tokio `signal` feature pulls a new transitive crate, stage the root `Cargo.lock` in the same commit (don't leave it dangling).

docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-05-instance-locale-content-authoring.md

@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+# Instance Locale + Single-Language Content Authoring Implementation Plan
+
+> **For agentic workers:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: superpowers:subagent-driven-development. Steps use `- [ ]`.
+
+**Goal:** Drive instance UI/content language + display timezone from environment variables (no settings table), surface them to the SPA via a public `GET /api/config`, default the UI language from it, and collapse content authoring (`LabelEditor` + `LocalizedText` field input) to a single language — **without touching the multilingual content schema** (dormant, re-enabled by UI alone).
+
+**Architecture:** Two `server::Config` env knobs (`DEFAULT_LANGUAGE`, `DEFAULT_TIMEZONE`) flow into `AppState` and a public `ConfigView` endpoint. A frontend `ConfigProvider` fetches it once, sets the i18n language (when no per-browser override), and feeds the default language to the simplified content inputs. Storage stays UTC; timezone is exposed but has no frontend formatter yet (no timestamp displays exist — deferred to its first consumer).
+
+**Tech Stack:** Rust (axum, utoipa, clap), React + TS, react-i18next, TanStack Query, Vitest + RTL + MSW.
+
+**Spec:** `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-05-instance-locale-and-content-authoring-design.md`
+
+**Conventions:** nightly fmt; clippy `-D warnings`; no `any`/`eslint-disable`/`@ts-ignore`; en/sv i18n parity; codename ban; bundle ≤150 KB gz. Test infra: `DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev`, `MEILI_URL=http://localhost:7700`, `MEILI_MASTER_KEY=masterKey`. cargo from repo root; web from `web/`.
+
+---
+
+## Task 1: Backend — config knobs + `AppState` + public `GET /api/config` + regen client
+
+**Files:** Modify `crates/server/src/config.rs`, `crates/server/src/lib.rs`, `crates/api/src/lib.rs`, `crates/api/src/openapi.rs`; Create `crates/api/src/config.rs`; Modify all `AppState { … }` construction sites (server + api test harnesses); Test `crates/api/tests/config.rs`; Regenerate `web/src/api/schema.d.ts`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Config knobs.** In `crates/server/src/config.rs`, add to `Config` (clap derive, matching `app_name`'s style):
+```rust
+    /// Default UI + content-authoring language for this instance (i18n key, e.g. "sv").
+    #[arg(long = "default-language", env = "DEFAULT_LANGUAGE", default_value = "sv")]
+    pub default_language: String,
+
+    /// Default display timezone (IANA name, e.g. "Europe/Stockholm"). Storage stays UTC;
+    /// this is a display hint surfaced to clients (and, later, server-side renderers).
+    #[arg(long = "default-timezone", env = "DEFAULT_TIMEZONE", default_value = "Europe/Stockholm")]
+    pub default_timezone: String,
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: `AppState` fields.** In `crates/api/src/lib.rs`, add to `pub struct AppState`:
+```rust
+    /// Instance default UI/content language (from config).
+    pub default_language: String,
+    /// Instance default display timezone, IANA name (from config). Storage stays UTC.
+    pub default_timezone: String,
+```
+In `crates/server/src/lib.rs` `run`, populate them when building `AppState`:
+```rust
+        default_language: config.default_language,
+        default_timezone: config.default_timezone,
+```
+(place after `app_name: config.app_name,` — note these are moves; `config` fields are disjoint.)
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Update every other `AppState { … }` site.** Run `grep -rn "AppState {" crates/` — besides `crates/api/src/lib.rs` (the struct def) and `server/src/lib.rs` (done above), there are ~9 test `state(...)` helpers (`crates/server/tests/serve.rs`, `crates/api/tests/{admin,admin_objects,admin_search,public,reindex,admin_catalog,admin_fields,health}.rs`). Add to each literal:
+```rust
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
+```
+(The build will fail to compile until all are updated — that's the checklist.)
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Write the failing API test** — create `crates/api/tests/config.rs`:
+```rust
+use api::{AppState, build_app};
+use axum::body::Body;
+use axum::http::{Request, StatusCode};
+use http_body_util::BodyExt;
+use sqlx::PgPool;
+use tower::ServiceExt;
+
+fn state(pool: PgPool) -> AppState {
+    AppState {
+        db: db::Db::from_pool(pool),
+        app_name: "Test Museum".into(),
+        cookie_secure: false,
+        search: None,
+        default_language: "sv".into(),
+        default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm".into(),
+    }
+}
+
+#[sqlx::test(migrations = "../db/migrations")]
+async fn config_is_public_and_reflects_state(pool: PgPool) {
+    let app = build_app(state(pool));
+    let resp = app
+        .oneshot(Request::builder().uri("/api/config").body(Body::empty()).unwrap())
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);
+    let body: serde_json::Value =
+        serde_json::from_slice(&resp.into_body().collect().await.unwrap().to_bytes()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(body["app_name"], "Test Museum");
+    assert_eq!(body["default_language"], "sv");
+    assert_eq!(body["default_timezone"], "Europe/Stockholm");
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Run → fails** (`/api/config` 404): `cargo test -p api --test config`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 6: Implement the endpoint** — create `crates/api/src/config.rs` (mirror `health.rs`):
+```rust
+use axum::{Json, Router, extract::State, routing::get};
+use serde::Serialize;
+use utoipa::ToSchema;
+
+use crate::AppState;
+
+/// Public, non-sensitive instance configuration the SPA needs before login.
+#[derive(Serialize, ToSchema)]
+pub(crate) struct ConfigView {
+    /// User-facing product name.
+    pub app_name: String,
+    /// Default UI/content language (i18n key, e.g. "sv").
+    pub default_language: String,
+    /// Default display timezone (IANA name). Storage is UTC; this is a display hint.
+    pub default_timezone: String,
+}
+
+#[utoipa::path(get, path = "/api/config", responses((status = 200, body = ConfigView)))]
+pub(crate) async fn get_config(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Json<ConfigView> {
+    Json(ConfigView {
+        app_name: state.app_name.clone(),
+        default_language: state.default_language.clone(),
+        default_timezone: state.default_timezone.clone(),
+    })
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn routes() -> Router<AppState> {
+    Router::new().route("/api/config", get(get_config))
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 7: Register the module + route + schema.**
+  - `crates/api/src/lib.rs`: add `mod config;` (alphabetical with other `mod`s) and `.merge(config::routes())` in `build_app` (next to `health::routes()`).
+  - `crates/api/src/openapi.rs`: add `config` to the `use crate::{…}` import; add `config::get_config` to `paths(…)`; add `config::ConfigView` to `components(schemas(…))`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 8: Run → passes.** `cargo test -p api --test config`, then `cargo +nightly fmt`, `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets`, and full `DATABASE_URL=… MEILI_URL=… MEILI_MASTER_KEY=… cargo test -p api -p server` (the AppState field additions compile everywhere).
+
+- [ ] **Step 9: Regenerate the typed client.**
+```bash
+cargo build -p server
+lsof -ti :8080 | xargs kill 2>/dev/null
+DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev MEILI_URL=http://localhost:7700 MEILI_MASTER_KEY=masterKey ./target/debug/server &
+SERVER_PID=$!
+sleep 2
+( cd web && pnpm gen:api )
+kill "$SERVER_PID"
+grep -n "ConfigView\|api/config" web/src/api/schema.d.ts
+```
+Both must appear; diff additive. `cd web && pnpm typecheck` clean.
+
+- [ ] **Step 10: Commit.**
+```bash
+cd /Users/olsson/Laboratory/biggus-dickus
+git add crates/server crates/api web/src/api/schema.d.ts
+git commit -m "feat: DEFAULT_LANGUAGE/DEFAULT_TIMEZONE config + public GET /api/config"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 2: Frontend — config provider + i18n default wiring
+
+**Files:** Create `web/src/config/config-context.tsx`; Modify `web/src/main.tsx`, `web/src/test/handlers.ts`; Test `web/src/config/config-context.test.tsx`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: MSW handler.** In `web/src/test/handlers.ts`, add to the `handlers` array a default config response:
+```ts
+  http.get("/api/config", () =>
+    HttpResponse.json({
+      app_name: "Test Museum",
+      default_language: "sv",
+      default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm",
+    }),
+  ),
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Failing provider test** — create `web/src/config/config-context.test.tsx`:
+```tsx
+import { expect, test, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+import { screen, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { QueryClient, QueryClientProvider } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import { render } from "@testing-library/react";
+import i18n from "../i18n";
+import { LOCALE_KEY } from "../i18n";
+import { ConfigProvider, useConfig } from "./config-context";
+
+function Probe() {
+  const config = useConfig();
+  return <span data-testid="lang">{config.default_language}</span>;
+}
+
+function renderProvider() {
+  const qc = new QueryClient({ defaultOptions: { queries: { retry: false } } });
+  return render(
+    <QueryClientProvider client={qc}>
+      <ConfigProvider><Probe /></ConfigProvider>
+    </QueryClientProvider>,
+  );
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  localStorage.clear();
+  void i18n.changeLanguage("en");
+});
+
+test("exposes config and applies default language when no stored preference", async () => {
+  renderProvider();
+  expect(await screen.findByText("sv")).toBeInTheDocument();
+  await waitFor(() => expect(i18n.language).toBe("sv"));
+});
+
+test("a stored locale preference wins over the instance default", async () => {
+  localStorage.setItem(LOCALE_KEY, "en");
+  void i18n.changeLanguage("en");
+  renderProvider();
+  await screen.findByText("sv"); // config still loads
+  await waitFor(() => expect(i18n.language).toBe("en")); // but language stays en
+});
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Run → fails** (module missing): `cd web && pnpm test src/config/config-context.test.tsx`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Implement the provider** — create `web/src/config/config-context.tsx`:
+```tsx
+import { createContext, useContext, useEffect, type ReactNode } from "react";
+import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+
+import type { components } from "../api/schema";
+import { api } from "../api/client";
+import i18n, { LOCALE_KEY } from "../i18n";
+
+type ConfigView = components["schemas"]["ConfigView"];
+
+const DEFAULTS: ConfigView = {
+  app_name: "Collection Management System",
+  default_language: "sv",
+  default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm",
+};
+
+const ConfigContext = createContext<ConfigView>(DEFAULTS);
+
+export function useConfig(): ConfigView {
+  return useContext(ConfigContext);
+}
+
+export function ConfigProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+  const { data } = useQuery({
+    queryKey: ["config"],
+    queryFn: async (): Promise<ConfigView> => {
+      const { data, error } = await api.GET("/api/config");
+
+      if (error || !data) throw new Error("failed to load config");
+
+      return data;
+    },
+    staleTime: Infinity,
+  });
+
+  // Default the UI language to the instance default, unless the user has chosen one
+  // for this browser (LangSwitch persists to localStorage[LOCALE_KEY]).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (data && !localStorage.getItem(LOCALE_KEY)) {
+      void i18n.changeLanguage(data.default_language);
+    }
+  }, [data]);
+
+  return <ConfigContext.Provider value={data ?? DEFAULTS}>{children}</ConfigContext.Provider>;
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Run → passes.** `pnpm test src/config/config-context.test.tsx`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 6: Mount the provider.** In `web/src/main.tsx`, wrap `<App />` (inside `QueryClientProvider`, since the provider uses TanStack Query):
+```tsx
+import { ConfigProvider } from "./config/config-context";
+// ...
+    <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>
+      <ConfigProvider>
+        <App />
+      </ConfigProvider>
+    </QueryClientProvider>
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 7: Verify + commit.** `pnpm test && pnpm typecheck && pnpm lint && pnpm build`. All green (existing tests unaffected — MSW now answers `/api/config` so `onUnhandledRequest:"error"` stays happy app-wide). 
+```bash
+cd /Users/olsson/Laboratory/biggus-dickus
+git add web
+git commit -m "feat(web): config provider — fetch /api/config, default UI language from instance"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 3: Frontend — single-language content authoring
+
+**Files:** Modify `web/src/components/label-editor.tsx`, `web/src/objects/field-input.tsx`, `web/src/i18n/{en,sv}.json`, `web/src/components/label-editor.test.tsx`, `web/src/vocab/vocabularies.test.tsx`, `web/src/fields/fields.test.tsx`, `web/src/authorities/authorities.test.tsx`.
+
+> The content schema, DTOs (`LabelInput`/`LabelView`), DB tables, `LocalizedLabel`, and `FieldType::LocalizedText` are **unchanged**. Only the input components collapse to one language. Reading/display (`labelText`/`pick_label`) already falls back (UI lang → en → first), so single-language data still renders — no change to the read path.
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: i18n key.** Add `labels.label` to BOTH `web/src/i18n/en.json` and `sv.json`:
+  - en `labels`: `"label": "Label"`
+  - sv `labels`: `"label": "Etikett"`
+  (Keep the existing `labels.en`/`labels.sv`/`labels.externalUri` keys — `externalUri` is still used; `labels.en`/`labels.sv` may become unused after this task — if `pnpm lint`/grep shows them unreferenced, remove them from BOTH files to keep parity, else leave.)
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Collapse `LabelEditor`** — replace `web/src/components/label-editor.tsx` body:
+```tsx
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
+
+import type { components } from "../api/schema";
+import { useConfig } from "../config/config-context";
+import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
+import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label";
+
+type LabelInput = components["schemas"]["LabelInput"];
+
+/** Single-language label editor. Authors one label at the instance default language;
+ *  emits a one-entry LabelInput[] (empty array when blank). The multilingual data model
+ *  is unchanged — this only simplifies authoring. */
+export function LabelEditor({
+  value,
+  onChange,
+}: {
+  value: LabelInput[];
+  onChange: (labels: LabelInput[]) => void;
+}) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { default_language } = useConfig();
+
+  const current =
+    value.find((l) => l.lang === default_language)?.label ?? value[0]?.label ?? "";
+
+  const set = (label: string) =>
+    onChange(label.trim() ? [{ lang: default_language, label }] : []);
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-1">
+      <Label htmlFor="label">{t("labels.label")}</Label>
+      <Input id="label" value={current} onChange={(e) => set(e.target.value)} />
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Update `LabelEditor`'s own test** — `web/src/components/label-editor.test.tsx` currently types into `/label \(en\)/i` + `/label \(sv\)/i` and asserts both langs. Rewrite it for the single input (it must render under a `ConfigProvider` so `useConfig` works — wrap with the test's existing `renderApp`/provider, adding `ConfigProvider`; the MSW `/api/config` handler returns `default_language: "sv"`). New test:
+```tsx
+import { useState } from "react";
+import { expect, test } from "vitest";
+import { screen, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react";
+import userEvent from "@testing-library/user-event";
+import { renderApp } from "../test/render";
+import { ConfigProvider } from "../config/config-context";
+import { LabelEditor } from "./label-editor";
+import type { components } from "../api/schema";
+
+type LabelInput = components["schemas"]["LabelInput"];
+
+function Harness({ onChange }: { onChange: (v: LabelInput[]) => void }) {
+  const [value, setValue] = useState<LabelInput[]>([]);
+  return <LabelEditor value={value} onChange={(v) => { setValue(v); onChange(v); }} />;
+}
+
+test("emits a single label at the instance default language", async () => {
+  const seen: LabelInput[][] = [];
+  renderApp(<ConfigProvider><Harness onChange={(v) => seen.push(v)} /></ConfigProvider>);
+  // config (default_language "sv") must load before the editor authors
+  await screen.findByLabelText(/^label$/i);
+  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i), "Brons");
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    const last = seen[seen.length - 1]!;
+    expect(last).toEqual([{ lang: "sv", label: "Brons" }]);
+  });
+});
+```
+NOTE: if `renderApp` doesn't already provide a `QueryClientProvider` that `ConfigProvider` needs, check `web/src/test/render.tsx` — it does wrap `QueryClientProvider` (the vocab/search tests rely on it). The MSW `/api/config` default handler (Task 2) supplies the config.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Update the consumer tests.** The forms that use `LabelEditor` have tests typing into `/label \(en\)/i`. They now render a single `/^label$/i` input writing `sv`. Update each:
+  - `web/src/vocab/vocabularies.test.tsx:48` — `getByLabelText(/label \(en\)/i)` → `getByLabelText(/^label$/i)`. These tests render the full app/route tree which must include `ConfigProvider` for `useConfig` — check `renderApp`/the test tree; if the tree doesn't wrap `ConfigProvider`, wrap the rendered subtree in `<ConfigProvider>` (the MSW `/api/config` handler answers). Adjust any assertion expecting an EN/SV pair to the single `sv` label.
+  - `web/src/fields/fields.test.tsx` (3 sites: lines ~38, ~58, ~79) — same `getByLabelText(/^label$/i)` swap + wrap `ConfigProvider` if needed.
+  - `web/src/authorities/authorities.test.tsx:28` — same.
+  Run each file and fix selector/provider issues until green.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Collapse the `LocalizedText` field input** — in `web/src/objects/field-input.tsx`, the `case "localized_text":` block renders `${key}.en` + `${key}.sv` inputs. Replace with a single input registering `${key}.${default_language}`. Add `const { default_language } = useConfig();` near the top of the `FieldInput` component (alongside the existing `const lang = …`). New case:
+```tsx
+    case "localized_text":
+      return (
+        <div className="space-y-1">
+          <Label htmlFor={definition.key}>{label}</Label>
+          <Input
+            id={definition.key}
+            {...form.register(fieldPath<TValues>(`${definition.key}.${default_language}`), {
+              required: definition.required,
+            })}
+          />
+        </div>
+      );
+```
+(Imports: `useConfig` from `../config/config-context`.) The stored value remains a `{ lang: text }` map — now `{ [default_language]: text }`. The `field-input.test.tsx` may reference the EN/SV localized inputs — update it to the single input (register path `${key}.${default_language}`), wrapping with `ConfigProvider` if the test renders the component directly.
+
+- [ ] **Step 6: Verify + commit.** `cd web && pnpm test && pnpm typecheck && pnpm lint && pnpm build && pnpm check:size`. All green; bundle ≤150 KB. en/sv parity holds.
+```bash
+cd /Users/olsson/Laboratory/biggus-dickus
+git add web
+git commit -m "feat(web): single-language content authoring (LabelEditor + localized_text at default lang)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 4: Verification
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: i18n parity** —
+```bash
+cd web
+node -e "const a=require('./src/i18n/en.json'),b=require('./src/i18n/sv.json');const k=o=>Object.entries(o).flatMap(([K,v])=>typeof v==='object'?k(v).map(s=>K+'.'+s):[K]);const ka=k(a).sort(),kb=k(b).sort();console.log(JSON.stringify(ka)===JSON.stringify(kb)?'PARITY OK':'MISMATCH '+JSON.stringify({onlyEn:ka.filter(x=>!kb.includes(x)),onlySv:kb.filter(x=>!ka.includes(x))}))"
+```
+Expected `PARITY OK`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Frontend** — `pnpm typecheck && pnpm lint && pnpm test && pnpm build && pnpm check:size` (report bundle gz).
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Backend** —
+```bash
+cd /Users/olsson/Laboratory/biggus-dickus
+DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/cms_dev MEILI_URL=http://localhost:7700 MEILI_MASTER_KEY=masterKey cargo test --workspace
+cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets
+cargo +nightly fmt --check
+```
+All pass; clippy + fmt clean.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Acceptance spot-checks.**
+  - `cargo run -p server -- --help | grep -E "default-language|default-timezone"` shows both flags.
+  - Content schema untouched: `git diff main..HEAD -- crates/db/migrations crates/domain/src/label.rs` is empty (no schema/domain label changes).
+  - `git grep -in 'biggus\|dickus' -- crates web/src` → none.
+
+---
+
+## Self-Review (completed)
+- **Spec coverage:** env knobs + AppState → T1; public `/api/config` → T1; config provider + i18n default → T2; single-language `LabelEditor` + `LocalizedText` → T3; UTC storage unchanged (no timestamp code touched); timezone exposed (no formatter — no consumer, per spec's "forward-ready if none"); parity/bundle → T4. ✓ Per-account UI language + da/no + server-side tz are out of scope (issue #40 / #39). ✓
+- **Placeholder scan:** none — concrete code; the "wrap ConfigProvider if the test tree doesn't already" notes are real verification steps against named files (the provider dependency is new, so tests that mount label-authoring components need it).
+- **Type consistency:** `ConfigView { app_name, default_language, default_timezone }` is the single shape across the Rust struct, the `components["schemas"]["ConfigView"]` TS type, the provider `DEFAULTS`, and the MSW handler; `LabelEditor` still emits `LabelInput[]` (one entry); `default_language` threaded from `useConfig()` consistently in both the editor and the field input.
+
+## Notes
+- **Timezone has no frontend consumer yet** (no timestamp is displayed — only `recording_date`, a plain DATE). The value is exposed via `/api/config` + `useConfig` so PDF export (#39) and any future audit/timestamp view can format with it; building a `formatTimestamp` helper now would be unused (YAGNI).
+- **`AppState` gained two fields** → every `AppState { … }` literal (incl. all api/server test harnesses) must add them or the workspace won't compile; Task 1 Step 3 enumerates this.

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-05-instance-locale-and-content-authoring-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+# Instance Locale (env-driven) + Single-Language Content Authoring — Design
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-05
+**Status:** Approved (brainstorming) — ready for implementation planning.
+
+## Context
+
+The app is **Sweden-first** but the UI must stay translatable (English now; Danish/
+Norwegian conceivable later). A question was raised: do we need the **content-level
+multilingual machinery** (the `lang`-keyed label tables + `LocalizedText` field type), or
+should we remove it to simplify the codebase?
+
+### The content-translation decision (keep the schema; simplify only the inputs)
+
+Two different things are both called "translation":
+- **UI translation** — react-i18next app chrome (sv/en JSON, `LangSwitch`, localStorage
+  persistence). Stays and grows.
+- **Content multilingualism** — the *data*: `domain::LocalizedLabel { lang, label }`, the
+  `FieldType::LocalizedText` flexible-field type, and three DB tables keyed by
+  `(parent_id, lang)`: `term_label`, `authority_label`, `field_definition_label`.
+
+**Decision: keep the content schema; simplify only the authoring UI** (brainstorm option
+A + the migration-risk analysis). Rationale:
+- The expensive, hard-to-reverse part is the **database schema**. Removing it and adding it
+  back later means new migrations, backfilling every row with a language tag, rewriting
+  every db read/write (`vocab`/`authority`/`fields`), changing API DTOs, swapping the
+  frontend editor, and regenerating the typed client — a domain→db→api→web cross-cutting
+  refactor. That is the exact pain to avoid.
+- The cheap, reversible part is the **UI** (one input vs two). Keeping the schema is nearly
+  free: a Sweden-only instance just stores `lang = <default>` rows; re-enabling multilingual
+  authoring later is "show the second input again" — **zero migration**.
+- The machinery is already built, tested, and merged (M2/M4). Removing it is *also* work +
+  risk. Museum cataloguing commonly needs bilingual descriptive metadata
+  (Spectrum/Europeana/loans), so "Sweden only" is the assumption most likely to change.
+
+So this milestone **keeps all multilingual capacity dormant in the schema** and **collapses
+the authoring inputs to a single language** (the instance default).
+
+### Instance locale via environment variables (no settings table/page)
+
+The app is **single-tenant** (no org/tenant table today — tables: object, audit_log,
+field_definition[+label], vocabulary, term[+label], authority[+label], app_user). The
+instance language and timezone are set-and-forget per deployment and never change at
+runtime, so they are **environment variables**, not a database settings table or an admin
+settings page. (If multi-org ever lands, this becomes per-org via a future migration — out
+of scope now.)
+
+### Timezone: always store UTC
+
+Timestamps are already `TIMESTAMPTZ` (UTC); `recording_date` is a plain `DATE`. **Storage and
+transmission stay UTC** — the API never localizes timestamps. The instance timezone is a
+**display/formatting** concern only:
+- **Interactive UI** → the frontend formats UTC → instance tz via `Intl.DateTimeFormat`.
+- **Server-rendered artifacts** (PDF export #39, future reports/CLI) → the backend will need
+  the tz to format without a browser. That server-side formatting is **owned by #39**; this
+  milestone only *stores and exposes* the tz value.
+
+## Scope
+
+**In:**
+1. Two backend config knobs: `default_language` (`DEFAULT_LANGUAGE`, default `sv`) and
+   `default_timezone` (`DEFAULT_TIMEZONE`, default `Europe/Stockholm`), in `server::Config`
+   and `AppState`.
+2. A public `GET /api/config` endpoint exposing `{ app_name, default_language,
+   default_timezone }`.
+3. Frontend config provider: fetch `/api/config` on boot; apply `default_language` to
+   i18n (when no stored preference); expose the values via context.
+4. Single-language content authoring: collapse `LabelEditor` and the `LocalizedText` field
+   input to one input writing at `default_language`. Schema/DTOs unchanged.
+
+**Out (deferred / owned elsewhere):**
+- **Per-account UI language** (cross-device persistence: a `language` column on `app_user`,
+  returned at login, SPA inits from it) → file as a follow-up issue. (Per-*browser*
+  persistence already exists via `LangSwitch` + localStorage.)
+- Danish/Norwegian UI translations (just more i18n JSON when wanted).
+- Server-side timezone formatting → PDF export (#39).
+- A real org-settings page → only if multi-org lands.
+
+## Backend
+
+### Config (`crates/server/src/config.rs`)
+Add to `Config` (clap derive, matching `app_name`):
+```rust
+/// Default UI + content-authoring language for this instance (BCP-47 / i18n key, e.g. "sv").
+#[arg(long = "default-language", env = "DEFAULT_LANGUAGE", default_value = "sv")]
+pub default_language: String,
+
+/// Default display timezone (IANA name, e.g. "Europe/Stockholm"). Storage stays UTC;
+/// this is a display hint surfaced to clients and (later) server-side renderers.
+#[arg(long = "default-timezone", env = "DEFAULT_TIMEZONE", default_value = "Europe/Stockholm")]
+pub default_timezone: String,
+```
+The timezone is treated as an opaque string (no backend tz library; validated client-side
+by `Intl`). Thread both into `AppState` (alongside `app_name`).
+
+### `AppState` (`crates/api/src/lib.rs`)
+Add `pub default_language: String` and `pub default_timezone: String`. `server::run` populates
+them from `Config`.
+
+### Config endpoint (`crates/api/src/` — e.g. a small `config.rs` or in `health`/`public`)
+```
+GET /api/config   (unauthenticated)
+→ 200 { "app_name": String, "default_language": String, "default_timezone": String }
+```
+`#[derive(Serialize, ToSchema)]` `ConfigView`, registered in `openapi.rs`. Unauthenticated
+because the SPA needs it before login (so the login page renders in the instance language).
+No secrets are exposed. Regenerate `web/src/api/schema.d.ts`.
+
+## Frontend
+
+### Config provider (`web/src/`)
+- A `useConfig` query/hook fetching `GET /api/config` once on boot (TanStack Query, long
+  `staleTime`), exposing `{ app_name, default_language, default_timezone }` via context.
+- **Language:** i18n still inits synchronously with a safe fallback. After config loads, if
+  there is **no** `localStorage[LOCALE_KEY]` preference, call
+  `i18n.changeLanguage(config.default_language)`. The existing `LangSwitch` + localStorage
+  override path is unchanged. (Net effect: a fresh browser defaults to the instance language;
+  a user who has switched keeps their choice.)
+- **Timezone:** add a small `formatTimestamp(utc, config.default_timezone, locale)` helper
+  using `Intl.DateTimeFormat(locale, { timeZone })`. Use it wherever timestamps are rendered.
+  (During planning, audit the current UI for timestamp surfaces; if there are none yet, the
+  helper + config value are forward-ready for PDF #39 / a future audit screen — do not
+  invent displays.)
+
+### Single-language content authoring (`web/src/components/label-editor.tsx`, the `LocalizedText` field input in `web/src/objects/field-input.tsx`)
+- **`LabelEditor`:** replace the EN+SV pair with a **single** labelled text input. `onChange`
+  emits `[{ lang: config.default_language, label }]` (omit empty). The "EN required / SV
+  optional" rule collapses to "the single label is required."
+- **`LocalizedText` field input:** replace the per-language inputs with a single textbox;
+  the value written is `{ [config.default_language]: text }`.
+- **Reading:** `labelText` / `domain::pick_label` already pick a language with fallback; set
+  the preferred lang to `config.default_language` (then English, then first) so existing
+  multilingual data (e.g. seeded) still displays.
+- **Unchanged:** `LabelInput`/`LabelView` DTOs, the three `*_label` tables, `LocalizedLabel`,
+  `FieldType::LocalizedText`, and all db read/write paths. Only the input components change.
+
+## Data flow
+
+Boot → SPA fetches `/api/config` → context holds `{ app_name, default_language,
+default_timezone }` → i18n language set to `default_language` (unless overridden in
+localStorage) → content editors author one label at `default_language` (stored as a
+single-entry `[{lang,label}]`) → timestamps render via `Intl` in `default_timezone`.
+
+## Error handling
+- `/api/config` is static, env-derived — it cannot fail at the DB level (no query). If the
+  fetch fails (network), the SPA falls back to the synchronous i18n default and a sensible
+  built-in timezone (`"Europe/Stockholm"`), and retries via TanStack Query.
+- Empty/invalid timezone: the frontend `Intl` call throws for an invalid IANA name; the
+  helper catches and falls back to UTC display rather than crashing.
+
+## Testing
+- **Backend:** `GET /api/config` returns the configured values; defaults applied when env
+  unset; endpoint is reachable unauthenticated. `Config` parses `DEFAULT_LANGUAGE` /
+  `DEFAULT_TIMEZONE` (+ `--default-language` / `--default-timezone`).
+- **Frontend (Vitest + RTL + MSW):** with a config of `{ default_language: "sv" }` and no
+  stored locale, i18n switches to `sv`; with a stored `en`, it stays `en`. `LabelEditor`
+  renders one input and emits `[{ lang: "sv", label }]`. A `LocalizedText` field input
+  emits `{ sv: text }`. Existing screens that read labels still render.
+- en/sv i18n key parity; no `any`/`eslint-disable`; codename ban; bundle ≤150 KB gz.
+
+## Acceptance criteria
+1. `DEFAULT_LANGUAGE` / `DEFAULT_TIMEZONE` env vars (with CLI flags + defaults `sv` /
+   `Europe/Stockholm`) drive instance locale; no settings table or admin page.
+2. `GET /api/config` (public) returns `app_name` + `default_language` + `default_timezone`;
+   in `schema.d.ts`.
+3. The SPA defaults its UI language to the instance default (overridable per-browser via the
+   existing `LangSwitch`/localStorage).
+4. Content authoring is single-language: `LabelEditor` and `LocalizedText` inputs collapse to
+   one field writing at the default language; **the content schema/DTOs/tables are unchanged**
+   (multilingual capacity remains dormant, re-enabled by UI alone).
+5. Timestamps render in the instance timezone via `Intl` where displayed; storage stays UTC.
+6. CI green (cargo + web typecheck/lint/test/build, bundle ≤150 KB); en/sv parity.
+
+## Out of scope / follow-ups
+- Per-account UI language (cross-device) — separate issue (filed with this milestone).
+- Danish/Norwegian UI locales; server-side tz formatting (#39); org-level settings page.

web/src/api/schema.d.ts

@@ -238,6 +238,22 @@ export interface paths {
         patch?: never;
         trace?: never;
     };
+    "/api/config": {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path?: never;
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        get: operations["get_config"];
+        put?: never;
+        post?: never;
+        delete?: never;
+        options?: never;
+        head?: never;
+        patch?: never;
+        trace?: never;
+    };
     "/api/public/objects": {
         parameters: {
             query?: never;
@@ -355,6 +371,15 @@ export interface components {
             kind: components["schemas"]["AuthorityKind"];
             labels: components["schemas"]["LabelView"][];
         };
+        /** @description Public, non-sensitive instance configuration the SPA needs before login. */
+        ConfigView: {
+            /** @description User-facing product name. */
+            app_name: string;
+            /** @description Default UI/content language (i18n key, e.g. "sv"). */
+            default_language: string;
+            /** @description Default display timezone (IANA name). Storage is UTC; this is a display hint. */
+            default_timezone: string;
+        };
         CreatedField: {
             key: string;
         };
@@ -1308,6 +1333,25 @@ export interface operations {
             };
         };
     };
+    get_config: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path?: never;
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody?: never;
+        responses: {
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["ConfigView"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
     list_objects: {
         parameters: {
             query?: {

web/src/authorities/authorities-page.tsx

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export function AuthoritiesPage() {
   const onCreate = (event: FormEvent) => {
     event.preventDefault();
 
-    if (!labels.some((l) => l.lang === "en" && l.label)) {
+    if (!labels.some((l) => l.label)) {
       setError(true);
       return;
     }

web/src/authorities/authorities.test.tsx

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ test("lists authorities for the kind and creates one", async () => {
   );
   renderApp(tree(), { route: "/authorities/person" });
   expect(await screen.findByText("Ada Lovelace")).toBeInTheDocument();
-  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/label \(en\)/i), "Carl von Linné");
+  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i), "Carl von Linné");
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /create/i }));
   await waitFor(() => expect((body as { kind: string })?.kind).toBe("person"));
   expect((body as { labels: { label: string }[] }).labels[0].label).toBe("Carl von Linné");

web/src/components/label-editor.test.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { useState } from "react";
 import { expect, test } from "vitest";
-import { screen } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { screen, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react";
 import userEvent from "@testing-library/user-event";
 import { renderApp } from "../test/render";
 import { LabelEditor } from "./label-editor";
@@ -10,28 +10,24 @@ type LabelInput = components["schemas"]["LabelInput"];
 
 function Harness({ onChange }: { onChange: (v: LabelInput[]) => void }) {
   const [value, setValue] = useState<LabelInput[]>([]);
-  return (
+  return <LabelEditor value={value} onChange={(v) => { setValue(v); onChange(v); }} />;
-    <LabelEditor
-      value={value}
-      onChange={(v) => {
-        setValue(v);
-        onChange(v);
-      }}
-    />
-  );
 }
 
-test("typing EN and SV emits both labels; empty langs are omitted", async () => {
+test("emits a single label at the instance default language", async () => {
   const seen: LabelInput[][] = [];
   renderApp(<Harness onChange={(v) => seen.push(v)} />);
-  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/label \(en\)/i), "Bronze");
+  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i), "Brons");
-  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/label \(sv\)/i), "Brons");
+  await waitFor(() => {
     const last = seen[seen.length - 1]!;
-  expect(last).toEqual(
+    expect(last).toEqual([{ lang: "sv", label: "Brons" }]);
-    expect.arrayContaining([
+  });
-      { lang: "en", label: "Bronze" },
+});
-      { lang: "sv", label: "Brons" },
+
-    ]),
+test("clearing the input emits an empty array", async () => {
-  );
+  const seen: LabelInput[][] = [];
-  expect(seen.some((v) => v.length === 1 && v[0].lang === "en")).toBe(true);
+  renderApp(<Harness onChange={(v) => seen.push(v)} />);
+  const input = screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i);
+  await userEvent.type(input, "X");
+  await userEvent.clear(input);
+  await waitFor(() => expect(seen[seen.length - 1]).toEqual([]));
 });

web/src/components/label-editor.tsx

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 
 import type { components } from "../api/schema";
+import { useConfig } from "../config/config-context";
 import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
 import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label";
 
 type LabelInput = components["schemas"]["LabelInput"];
 
-/** Controlled sv/en label editor. Emits LabelInput[] with only the non-empty langs. */
+/** Single-language label editor. Authors one label at the instance default language;
+ *  emits a one-entry LabelInput[] (empty array when blank). The multilingual data model
+ *  is unchanged — this only simplifies authoring. */
 export function LabelEditor({
   value,
   onChange,
@@ -15,33 +18,18 @@ export function LabelEditor({
   onChange: (labels: LabelInput[]) => void;
 }) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { default_language } = useConfig();
 
-  const valueFor = (lang: string) => value.find((l) => l.lang === lang)?.label ?? "";
+  const current =
+    value.find((l) => l.lang === default_language)?.label ?? value[0]?.label ?? "";
 
-  const set = (lang: string, label: string) => {
+  const set = (label: string) =>
-    const others = value.filter((l) => l.lang !== lang);
+    onChange(label.trim() ? [{ lang: default_language, label }] : []);
-
-    onChange(label.trim() ? [...others, { lang, label }] : others);
-  };
 
   return (
-    <div className="space-y-2">
     <div className="space-y-1">
-        <Label htmlFor="label-en">{t("labels.en")}</Label>
+      <Label htmlFor="label">{t("labels.label")}</Label>
-        <Input
+      <Input id="label" value={current} onChange={(e) => set(e.target.value)} />
-          id="label-en"
-          value={valueFor("en")}
-          onChange={(e) => set("en", e.target.value)}
-        />
-      </div>
-      <div className="space-y-1">
-        <Label htmlFor="label-sv">{t("labels.sv")}</Label>
-        <Input
-          id="label-sv"
-          value={valueFor("sv")}
-          onChange={(e) => set("sv", e.target.value)}
-        />
-      </div>
     </div>
   );
 }

web/src/config/config-context.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { expect, test, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+import { screen, waitFor, render } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { QueryClient, QueryClientProvider } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import i18n, { LOCALE_KEY } from "../i18n";
+import { ConfigProvider } from "./config-provider";
+import { useConfig } from "./config-context";
+
+function Probe() {
+  const config = useConfig();
+  return <span data-testid="lang">{config.default_language}</span>;
+}
+
+function renderProvider() {
+  const qc = new QueryClient({ defaultOptions: { queries: { retry: false } } });
+  return render(
+    <QueryClientProvider client={qc}>
+      <ConfigProvider><Probe /></ConfigProvider>
+    </QueryClientProvider>,
+  );
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  localStorage.clear();
+  void i18n.changeLanguage("en");
+});
+
+test("exposes config and applies default language when no stored preference", async () => {
+  renderProvider();
+  expect(await screen.findByTestId("lang")).toHaveTextContent("sv");
+  await waitFor(() => expect(i18n.language).toBe("sv"));
+});
+
+test("a stored locale preference wins over the instance default", async () => {
+  localStorage.setItem(LOCALE_KEY, "en");
+  void i18n.changeLanguage("en");
+  renderProvider();
+  await screen.findByTestId("lang");
+  await waitFor(() => expect(i18n.language).toBe("en"));
+});

web/src/config/config-context.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createContext, useContext } from "react";
+
+import type { components } from "../api/schema";
+
+export type ConfigView = components["schemas"]["ConfigView"];
+
+export const DEFAULTS: ConfigView = {
+  app_name: "Collection Management System",
+  default_language: "sv",
+  default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm",
+};
+
+export const ConfigContext = createContext<ConfigView>(DEFAULTS);
+
+export function useConfig(): ConfigView {
+  return useContext(ConfigContext);
+}

web/src/config/config-provider.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { useEffect, type ReactNode } from "react";
+import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+
+import { api } from "../api/client";
+import i18n, { LOCALE_KEY } from "../i18n";
+import { ConfigContext, DEFAULTS, type ConfigView } from "./config-context";
+
+export function ConfigProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+  const { data } = useQuery({
+    queryKey: ["config"],
+    queryFn: async (): Promise<ConfigView> => {
+      const { data, error } = await api.GET("/api/config");
+
+      if (error || !data) throw new Error("failed to load config");
+
+      return data;
+    },
+    staleTime: Infinity,
+  });
+
+  // Default the UI language to the instance default, unless the user has chosen one for
+  // this browser (LangSwitch persists to localStorage[LOCALE_KEY]).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (data && !localStorage.getItem(LOCALE_KEY)) {
+      void i18n.changeLanguage(data.default_language);
+    }
+  }, [data]);
+
+  return <ConfigContext.Provider value={data ?? DEFAULTS}>{children}</ConfigContext.Provider>;
+}

web/src/fields/field-form.tsx

@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ export function FieldForm() {
   const onSubmit = (event: FormEvent) => {
     event.preventDefault();
 
-    const hasEn = labels.some((l) => l.lang === "en" && l.label);
+    const hasLabel = labels.some((l) => l.label);
     const termNeedsVocab = dataType === "term" && !vocabularyId;
 
-    if (!key.trim() || !hasEn || termNeedsVocab) {
+    if (!key.trim() || !hasLabel || termNeedsVocab) {
       setError(true);
       return;
     }

web/src/fields/fields.test.tsx

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ test("creates a text field — posts the body and clears the key input", async (
   renderApp(tree(), { route: "/fields" });
 
   await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^key$/i), "notes");
-  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/label \(en\)/i), "Notes");
+  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i), "Notes");
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /create field/i }));
 
   await waitFor(() => expect(body?.key).toBe("notes"));
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ test("selecting Authority reveals the kind picker and posts the chosen kind", as
   renderApp(tree(), { route: "/fields" });
 
   await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^key$/i), "maker");
-  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/label \(en\)/i), "Maker");
+  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i), "Maker");
   await userEvent.selectOptions(screen.getByLabelText(/^type$/i), "authority");
   const kind = await screen.findByLabelText(/authority kind/i);
   await userEvent.selectOptions(kind, "person");
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ test("selecting Term reveals the vocabulary picker and blocks submit until chose
   renderApp(tree(), { route: "/fields" });
 
   await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^key$/i), "material");
-  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/label \(en\)/i), "Material");
+  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i), "Material");
   await userEvent.selectOptions(screen.getByLabelText(/^type$/i), "term");
 
   const vocab = await screen.findByLabelText(/^vocabulary$/i);

web/src/i18n/en.json

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
   "visibility": { "draft": "Draft", "internal": "Internal", "public": "Public" },
   "form": { "selectPlaceholder": "— select —", "create": "Create object", "save": "Save", "cancel": "Cancel", "visibility": "Visibility", "draft": "Draft", "internal": "Internal", "required": "This field is required", "rejected": "The server rejected the changes — check required and referenced fields", "flexibleHeading": "Catalogue fields" },
   "actions": { "edit": "Edit", "delete": "Delete", "confirmDelete": "Delete this object? This cannot be undone." },
-  "labels": { "en": "Label (EN)", "sv": "Label (SV)", "externalUri": "External URI (optional)" },
+  "labels": { "label": "Label", "externalUri": "External URI (optional)" },
   "vocab": {
     "newVocabulary": "New vocabulary", "key": "Key",
     "create": "Create", "selectPrompt": "Select a vocabulary to manage its terms",

web/src/i18n/sv.json

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
   "visibility": { "draft": "Utkast", "internal": "Intern", "public": "Publik" },
   "form": { "selectPlaceholder": "— välj —", "create": "Skapa föremål", "save": "Spara", "cancel": "Avbryt", "visibility": "Synlighet", "draft": "Utkast", "internal": "Intern", "required": "Fältet är obligatoriskt", "rejected": "Servern avvisade ändringarna — kontrollera obligatoriska och refererade fält", "flexibleHeading": "Katalogfält" },
   "actions": { "edit": "Redigera", "delete": "Ta bort", "confirmDelete": "Ta bort detta föremål? Detta kan inte ångras." },
-  "labels": { "en": "Etikett (EN)", "sv": "Etikett (SV)", "externalUri": "Extern URI (valfritt)" },
+  "labels": { "label": "Etikett", "externalUri": "Extern URI (valfritt)" },
   "vocab": {
     "newVocabulary": "Ny vokabulär", "key": "Nyckel",
     "create": "Skapa", "selectPrompt": "Välj en vokabulär för att hantera dess termer",

web/src/main.tsx

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { createRoot } from "react-dom/client";
 import { QueryClient, QueryClientProvider } from "@tanstack/react-query";
 
 import { App } from "./app";
+import { ConfigProvider } from "./config/config-provider";
 import "./index.css";
 import "./i18n";
 
@@ -13,7 +14,9 @@ const queryClient = new QueryClient({
 createRoot(document.getElementById("root")!).render(
   <StrictMode>
     <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>
+      <ConfigProvider>
         <App />
+      </ConfigProvider>
     </QueryClientProvider>
   </StrictMode>,
 );

web/src/objects/field-input.test.tsx

@@ -22,10 +22,9 @@ test("boolean field renders a checkbox", async () => {
   expect(await screen.findByRole("checkbox", { name: /is fragment/i })).toBeInTheDocument();
 });
 
-test("localized_text renders sv and en inputs", async () => {
+test("localized_text renders a single input for the default language", async () => {
   renderApp(<Harness defKey="title_ml" />);
-  expect(await screen.findByLabelText(/title.*\(en\)/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(await screen.findByLabelText(/^title/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
-  expect(screen.getByLabelText(/title.*\(sv\)/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
 });
 
 test("term field renders a select populated from the vocabulary", async () => {

web/src/objects/field-input.tsx

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 
 import type { components } from "../api/schema";
 import { useAuthorities, useTerms } from "../api/queries";
+import { useConfig } from "../config/config-context";
 import { Checkbox } from "@/components/ui/checkbox";
 import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
 import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label";
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ export function FieldInput<TValues extends { fields: Record<string, unknown> }>(
   form: FieldForm<TValues>;
 }) {
   const { t, i18n } = useTranslation();
+  const { default_language } = useConfig();
   const lang = i18n.language.startsWith("sv") ? "sv" : "en";
   const label = labelIn(definition.labels, lang);
   const name = fieldPath<TValues>(definition.key);
@@ -128,30 +130,12 @@ export function FieldInput<TValues extends { fields: Record<string, unknown> }>(
     case "localized_text":
       return (
         <div className="space-y-1">
-          <div className="text-sm font-medium">{label}</div>
+          <Label htmlFor={definition.key}>{label}</Label>
-
-          <Label
-            htmlFor={`${definition.key}-en`}
-            className="text-xs text-neutral-500"
-          >
-            {label} (EN)
-          </Label>
-
           <Input
-            id={`${definition.key}-en`}
+            id={definition.key}
-            {...form.register(fieldPath<TValues>(`${definition.key}.en`), { required: definition.required })}
+            {...form.register(fieldPath<TValues>(`${definition.key}.${default_language}`), {
-          />
+              required: definition.required,
-
+            })}
-          <Label
-            htmlFor={`${definition.key}-sv`}
-            className="text-xs text-neutral-500"
-          >
-            {label} (SV)
-          </Label>
-
-          <Input
-            id={`${definition.key}-sv`}
-            {...form.register(fieldPath<TValues>(`${definition.key}.sv`))}
           />
         </div>
       );

web/src/test/handlers.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,14 @@ import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
 import { amphora, fibula, fieldDefinitions, materialTerms, objectsPage, personAuthorities, searchHits, vocabularies } from "./fixtures";
 
 export const handlers = [
+  http.get("/api/config", () =>
+    HttpResponse.json({
+      app_name: "Test Museum",
+      default_language: "sv",
+      default_timezone: "Europe/Stockholm",
+    }),
+  ),
+
   http.get("/api/admin/me", () =>
     HttpResponse.json({ id: "u1", email: "editor@example.com", role: "editor" }),
   ),

web/src/vocab/vocabularies.test.tsx

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ test("selecting a vocabulary shows its terms and adds one", async () => {
   );
   renderApp(tree(), { route: "/vocabularies/v-material" });
   expect(await screen.findByText("Bronze")).toBeInTheDocument();
-  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/label \(en\)/i), "Stone");
+  await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/^label$/i), "Stone");
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /add term/i }));
   await waitFor(() =>
     expect((termBody as { labels: { label: string }[] })?.labels[0].label).toBe("Stone"),

web/src/vocab/vocabulary-terms.tsx

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export function VocabularyTerms() {
   const onAdd = (event: FormEvent) => {
     event.preventDefault();
 
-    if (!labels.some((l) => l.lang === "en" && l.label)) {
+    if (!labels.some((l) => l.label)) {
       setError(true);
       return;
     }