diff --git a/src/history.rs b/src/history.rs
index b83efbd..752d4fc 100644
--- a/src/history.rs
+++ b/src/history.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ pub struct HistoryBuilder<
     beta: f64,
     drift: D,
     p_draw: f64,
-    online: bool,
     score_sigma: f64,
     convergence: ConvergenceOptions,
     observer: O,
@@ -60,7 +59,6 @@ impl<T: Time, D: Drift<T>, O: Observer<T>, K: Eq + Hash + Clone> HistoryBuilder<
             sigma: self.sigma,
             beta: self.beta,
             p_draw: self.p_draw,
-            online: self.online,
             score_sigma: self.score_sigma,
             convergence: self.convergence,
             observer: self.observer,
@@ -87,11 +85,6 @@ impl<T: Time, D: Drift<T>, O: Observer<T>, K: Eq + Hash + Clone> HistoryBuilder<
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn online(mut self, online: bool) -> Self {
-        self.online = online;
-        self
-    }
-
     /// Default observation noise for scored outcomes.
     ///
     /// # Panics
@@ -135,7 +128,6 @@ impl<T: Time, D: Drift<T>, O: Observer<T>, K: Eq + Hash + Clone> HistoryBuilder<
             beta: self.beta,
             drift: self.drift,
             p_draw: self.p_draw,
-            online: self.online,
             score_sigma: self.score_sigma,
             convergence: self.convergence,
             observer,
@@ -155,7 +147,6 @@ impl<T: Time, D: Drift<T>, O: Observer<T>, K: Eq + Hash + Clone> HistoryBuilder<
             beta: self.beta,
             drift: self.drift,
             p_draw: self.p_draw,
-            online: self.online,
             score_sigma: self.score_sigma,
             convergence: self.convergence,
             observer: self.observer,
@@ -171,7 +162,6 @@ impl Default for HistoryBuilder<i64, ConstantDrift, NullObserver, &'static str>
             beta: BETA,
             drift: ConstantDrift(GAMMA),
             p_draw: P_DRAW,
-            online: false,
             score_sigma: 1.0,
             convergence: ConvergenceOptions::default(),
             observer: NullObserver,
@@ -196,7 +186,6 @@ pub struct History<
     beta: f64,
     drift: D,
     p_draw: f64,
-    online: bool,
     score_sigma: f64,
     convergence: ConvergenceOptions,
     observer: O,
@@ -223,7 +212,6 @@ impl<K: Eq + Hash + Clone> History<i64, ConstantDrift, NullObserver, K> {
             beta: BETA,
             drift: ConstantDrift(GAMMA),
             p_draw: P_DRAW,
-            online: false,
             score_sigma: 1.0,
             convergence: ConvergenceOptions::default(),
             observer: NullObserver,
@@ -399,7 +387,7 @@ impl<T: Time, D: Drift<T>, O: Observer<T>, K: Eq + Hash + Clone> History<T, D, O
             let per_slice: Vec<f64> = self
                 .time_slices
                 .par_iter()
-                .map(|ts| ts.log_evidence(self.online, targets, forward, &self.agents))
+                .map(|ts| ts.log_evidence(targets, forward, &self.agents))
                 .collect();
             per_slice.into_iter().sum()
         }
@@ -407,7 +395,7 @@ impl<T: Time, D: Drift<T>, O: Observer<T>, K: Eq + Hash + Clone> History<T, D, O
         {
             self.time_slices
                 .iter()
-                .map(|ts| ts.log_evidence(self.online, targets, forward, &self.agents))
+                .map(|ts| ts.log_evidence(targets, forward, &self.agents))
                 .sum()
         }
     }
@@ -935,12 +923,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let w = [vec![1.0], vec![1.0]];
         let p = Game::ranked_with_arena(
-            h.time_slices[1].events[0].within_priors(
-                false,
-                false,
-                &h.time_slices[1].skills,
-                &h.agents,
-            ),
+            h.time_slices[1].events[0].within_priors(false, &h.time_slices[1].skills, &h.agents),
             &[0.0, 1.0],
             &w,
             P_DRAW,
@@ -1180,11 +1163,11 @@ mod tests {
         let f = h.keys.get("f").unwrap();
 
         let trueskill_log_evidence = h.log_evidence_internal(false, &[]);
-        let trueskill_log_evidence_online = h.log_evidence_internal(true, &[]);
+        let trueskill_log_evidence_forward = h.log_evidence_internal(true, &[]);
 
         assert_ulps_eq!(
             trueskill_log_evidence,
-            trueskill_log_evidence_online,
+            trueskill_log_evidence_forward,
             epsilon = 1e-6
         );
 
diff --git a/src/time_slice.rs b/src/time_slice.rs
index 9b9687b..f829d16 100644
--- a/src/time_slice.rs
+++ b/src/time_slice.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ pub(crate) struct Skill {
     backward: Gaussian,
     likelihood: Gaussian,
     pub(crate) elapsed: i64,
-    pub(crate) online: Gaussian,
 }
 
 impl Skill {
@@ -38,7 +37,6 @@ impl Default for Skill {
             backward: N_INF,
             likelihood: N_INF,
             elapsed: 0,
-            online: N_INF,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -59,7 +57,6 @@ struct Item {
 impl Item {
     fn within_prior<T: Time, D: Drift<T>>(
         &self,
-        online: bool,
         forward: bool,
         skills: &SkillStore,
         agents: &CompetitorStore<T, D>,
@@ -67,9 +64,7 @@ impl Item {
         let r = &agents[self.agent].rating;
         let skill = skills.get(self.agent).unwrap();
 
-        if online {
-            Rating::new(skill.online, r.beta, r.drift)
-        } else if forward {
+        if forward {
             Rating::new(skill.forward, r.beta, r.drift)
         } else {
             Rating::new(skill.posterior() / self.likelihood, r.beta, r.drift)
@@ -107,7 +102,6 @@ impl Event {
 
     pub(crate) fn within_priors<T: Time, D: Drift<T>>(
         &self,
-        online: bool,
         forward: bool,
         skills: &SkillStore,
         agents: &CompetitorStore<T, D>,
@@ -117,7 +111,7 @@ impl Event {
             .map(|team| {
                 team.items
                     .iter()
-                    .map(|item| item.within_prior(online, forward, skills, agents))
+                    .map(|item| item.within_prior(forward, skills, agents))
                     .collect::<Vec<_>>()
             })
             .collect::<Vec<_>>()
@@ -136,7 +130,7 @@ impl Event {
         convergence: crate::ConvergenceOptions,
         arena: &mut ScratchArena,
     ) -> EventUpdate {
-        let teams = self.within_priors(false, false, skills, agents);
+        let teams = self.within_priors(false, skills, agents);
         let result = self.outputs();
         let g = match self.kind {
             EventKind::Ranked => {
@@ -372,7 +366,7 @@ impl<T: Time> TimeSlice<T> {
         if from > 0 || self.color_groups.is_empty() {
             // Initial pass (add_events) or no color groups yet: simple sequential sweep.
             for event in self.events.iter_mut().skip(from) {
-                let teams = event.within_priors(false, false, &self.skills, agents);
+                let teams = event.within_priors(false, &self.skills, agents);
                 let result = event.outputs();
 
                 let g = match event.kind {
@@ -582,7 +576,6 @@ impl<T: Time> TimeSlice<T> {
 
     pub(crate) fn log_evidence<D: Drift<T>>(
         &self,
-        online: bool,
         targets: &[Index],
         forward: bool,
         agents: &CompetitorStore<T, D>,
@@ -594,7 +587,7 @@ impl<T: Time> TimeSlice<T> {
         let mut arena = ScratchArena::new();
 
         let run_event = |event: &Event, arena: &mut ScratchArena| -> f64 {
-            let teams = event.within_priors(online, forward, &self.skills, agents);
+            let teams = event.within_priors(forward, &self.skills, agents);
             let result = event.outputs();
             match event.kind {
                 EventKind::Ranked => {
@@ -623,7 +616,7 @@ impl<T: Time> TimeSlice<T> {
         };
 
         if targets.is_empty() {
-            if online || forward {
+            if forward {
                 self.events
                     .iter()
                     .map(|event| run_event(event, &mut arena))
@@ -631,7 +624,7 @@ impl<T: Time> TimeSlice<T> {
             } else {
                 self.events.iter().map(|event| event.log_evidence).sum()
             }
-        } else if online || forward {
+        } else if forward {
             self.events
                 .iter()
                 .filter(|event| {